Журнал «Боль. Суставы. Позвоночник» Том 14, №2, 2024

Актуальність. На сьогодні загальновідомо, що саркопенія підвищує ризик падінь і переломів, а отже, потребує корекції для покращення якості життя осіб літнього віку. Метою дослідження було вивчення вікових особливостей ризику саркопенії, падінь і переломів в українських жінок у пізньому репродуктивному та постменопаузальному періодах. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 573 пацієнтки віком 40–89 років, які в подальшому були поділені на групи за віком і наявністю високого ризику саркопенії (ВРС). За допомогою опитувальника SARC-F вимірювали ризик саркопенії, за допомогою Desmond Fall Risk Questionnaire — ризик падінь. Десятирічну ймовірність основних остеопоротичних переломів та переломів стегнової кістки вивчали за FRAX, а щоденну активність — за шкалою IADL. Крім того, використовували динамометрію кисті та тест «сісти-встати». ­Результати. Частота ВРС зростала з віком з 1,5 % у групі 40–49 років до 73,7 % у жінок старше 80 років, як і ризики переломів і падінь (p < 0,00001 для обох показників), що було пов’язано зі зниженням незалежності в повсякденному житті. Крім того, встановлено вік-асоційоване зменшення м’язової сили обстежених згідно з результатами динамометрії та тесту «сісти-встати». Пацієнтки з ВРС мали вищий ризик падінь, нижчий рівень незалежності, підвищені частоту й ризик остеопоротичних переломів. Висновки. Жінки з ВРС мають вищий ризик падінь, переломів і більше обмежень у повсякденній діяльності незалежно від віку та індексу маси тіла. Ці результати вимагають комплексної оцінки стану кістково-м’язової системи літніх жінок задля зниження ризику саркопенії та малотравматичних переломів і підвищення якості життя.

Background. It is well-known that sarcopenia increases the risk of falls and fractures, and therefore, requires correction to improve the quality of life of elderly people. This research purposed to study the age-related changes in the sarcopenia risk, falls, and fractures in Ukrainian women in the late reproductive and postmenopausal periods. Materials and methods. We examined 573 females aged from 40 to 89 years old. The subjects were grouped by age decades and presence of high sarcopenia risk (HSR). The SARC-F questionnaire measured the sarcopenia risk, and the risk of falls using the Desmond Fall Risk Questionnaire, the 10-year probability of major osteoporotic and hip fractures was assessed by FRAX, and daily activity — according to the IADL scale. Also, we performed the hand grip strength and five-repetition sit-to-stand tests. Results. The frequency of HSR increased with age from 1.5 % in the 40–49-year-old group to 73.7 % in subjects over 80, as well as fracture and fall risks (p < 0.00001 for both indices) related to decreasing independence in the subject’s everyday life. Also, we revealed age-dependent loss of muscle strength according to the hand grip and the five-repetition sit-to-stand tests. After the adjustment of the subjects by age we found that the females with HSR had a higher risk of falls, a lower level of independence, and increased frequency and risk of osteoporotic fractures. Conclusions. Women with HSR have a higher risk of falls, fractures, and more limitations in daily living activities independently from age and body mass index. These findings request comprehensive management of older women with attention to various parameters for the increase of independence and quality of life.

саркопенія; падіння; переломи

sarcopenia; falls; fractures

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